Use some thing to scrape the residue off the airframe, again DO NOT rub or wipe. DO NOT wipe or rub, you will only spread the color and stain the wood fibers. Pick the paper towle up and you will see that the color residue has started to ornge peel and lift from the surface. Soak a paper towel in lacquer thinner and place it over the color spot. If you pull the covering off and leave the color behind try this. The Milwaukee heat gun also has an adjustable temperature so you can make it a little hotter than the monokote gun and the covering will loosen faster, and you can do a larger area. Don't bother with a monokote heat gun, it's not designed for this kind of work and it will only shrten its life. Then I begin heating it with a Milwaukee heat gun. If you are looking to have a perfect airframe that you want to recover with a transparent covering you probably will never get it regardless of what brand covering was originally used.įirst off I start by making some slits in strategic places so I can pull the covering off in the largest pieces I can. carbon black, hydrogen white, chlorine green, 'fiery' oxygen red, nitrogen blue).I've had success recovering models in the past. (At the time, croquet was the most popular sport in England, so the balls were plentiful.) 'On the Combining Power of Atoms', Chemical News, 12 (1865, 176-9, 189, states that 'Hofmann, at a lecture given at the Royal Institution in April 1865 made use of croquet balls of different colours to represent various kinds of atoms (e.g. In 1865, August Wilhelm von Hofmann, in a talk at the Royal Institution in London, was using models made from croquet balls to illustrate valence, so he used the coloured balls available to him. It is likely that the CPK colours were inspired by models in the nineteenth century. Perhaps red for oxygen is inspired by the fact that oxygen is normally required for combustion or that the oxygen-bearing chemical in blood, hemoglobin, is bright red, and the blue for nitrogen by the fact that nitrogen is the main component of Earth's atmosphere, which appears to human eyes as being colored sky blue. For some colors, such as those of oxygen and nitrogen, the inspiration is less clear. For example, hydrogen is a colorless gas, carbon as charcoal, graphite or coke is black, sulfur powder is yellow, chlorine is a greenish gas, bromine is a dark red liquid, iodine in ether is violet, amorphous phosphorus is red, rust is dark orange-red, etc. Several of the CPK colors refer mnemonically to colors of the pure elements or notable compound. Light, medium, medium dark, and dark green for the halogens ( F, Cl, Br, I)Ī box of ball-and-stick model pieces colored to represent several of the common elements.Īlkaline earth metals ( Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra).In his patent he mentions the following colors: In 1965 Koltun patented an improved version of the Corey and Pauling modeling technique. They also built smaller models using plastic balls with the same color schema. Their models represented atoms by faceted hardwood balls, painted in different bright colors to indicate the respective chemical elements.

In 1952, Corey and Pauling published a description of space-filling models of proteins and other biomolecules that they had been building at Caltech. Hofmann's original colour scheme ( carbon = black, hydrogen = white, nitrogen = blue, oxygen = red, chlorine = green, and sulphur = yellow) has evolved into the later color schemes. At a Friday Evening Discourse at London's Royal Institution on April 7, 1865, he displayed molecular models of simple organic substances such as methane, ethane, and methyl chloride, which he had had constructed from differently colored table croquet balls connected together with thin brass tubes. August Wilhelm von Hofmann was apparently the first to introduce molecular models into organic chemistry, following August Kekule's introduction of the theory of chemical structure in 1858, and Alexander Crum Brown's introduction of printed structural formulas in 1861.

Color residues jmol